Súmula de disciplina


Disciplina BMB5786
A Glândula Pineal e os Processos de Regulações Fisiológicas

Área de Concentração: 42137


Criação: 12/12/2001


Ativação: 07/03/2002


Nr. de Créditos: 6


Carga Horária:

Desativação:


Teórica 
(por semana)
Prática 
(por semana)
Estudos 
(por semana)
Duração
Total
8
4
6
5 semanas
90 horas


Docente responsável:  Jose Cipolla Neto 

Solange Castro Afeche



Objetivo:


O Objetivo deste curso e discutir o papel regulatório exercido pela glândula pineal sobre os diversos sistemas fisiológicos.


Justificativa:


Este curso justifica-se não só pela necessidade de atualização neste tópico particular da Fisiologia, como, também, pelo interesse crescente que a fisiologia da glândula pineal tem adquirido pelas suas características funcionais de órgão regulador de processos fisiológicos gerais.


Conteúdo:


Regulação neuroendocrina da produção e secreção de melatonina pela glândula pineal. Caracteristicas ritmicas da produção e secreção de melatonina pela glândula pineal. Receptores e sitios de ligação para melatonina no sistema nervoso central e orgãos periféricos. Mecanismos de transdução. A glândula pineal e a regulação de fenômenos ritmicos circadianos e sazonais. A glândula pineal e a regulação do ciclo vigilia-sono. A glândula pineal e a regulação do sistema endocrino. A glândula pineal e a regulação da reprodução em mamiferos. A glândula pineal e a regulação de processos imunológicos. A glândula pineal e a regulação cardiovascular. A Glândula pineal e a regulação do metabolismo de carboidratos. A glândula pineal e o processo de envelhecimento.


Bibliografia:


1. Campa, A., Abdalla, D.S., Omoto, P. and Cippola Neto, J. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat pineal gland. Biochem. Int. 27:407-415, 1992 2. Crneiro, R.C.G., Markus, R.P., Cipolla Neto, J. and Dubocovich, M.L. Melatonin potentiates the release of norepinephrine (NE) induced by stimulation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors in rat vas deferens. Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 35:241, 1992. 3. Cassone, V.M. The pineal gland influences rat circadian activity rhytms in constant light. J. Biol. Rhythms. 7:27-40, 1992. 4. Armstrong. S.M. and Redman, J.R. Melatonin: a chronobiotic with anti-aging properties? Med. Hypotheses. 34:300-309, 1991. 5. Carneiro, R.C., Cipolla Neto, J. and Markus, R.P. Diurnal variation of the rat vas deferens contraction induced by stimulation of presynaptic nicotinic receptors and pineal function. j. Pharmacol. Exp.THer. 259:614-619,1991. 6. Cassone, V.M. Melatonin: time in a blttle. Oxf. Rev. Reprod. Biol. 12:319-367, 1990. 7. Cassone, V.M. Effects of melatonin on vertebrate circadian systems. Trends. Neurosci. 13:457-464, 1990. 8. Armstrong, S.M. Melatonin and circadian control in mammals. Experientia 45:932-938,1989. 9. Shibata, S., Cassone, V.M. and Moore, R.Y. Effects of melatonin on neuronal activity in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus in vitro. Neurosci. Lett. 97:140-144, 1989. 10. Smale, L., Cassone, V.M., Moore, R.Y. and Morin, L.P. Paraventricular nucleus projections mediating pineal melatonin and gonadal responses to photoperiod in the hamster. Brain.Res.Bull. 22:263-269, 1989. 11. Cassone, V.M., Roberts, M.H. and Moore, R.Y. Effects of melatonin on 2-deoxy-[1-14C]glucose uptake within rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. Am. J. Physiol. 255:R332-R337, 1988. 12. Cassone, V.M., Roberts, M.H. and Moore, R.Y. Melatonin inhibits metabolic-activity in the rat suprachiasmatic nuclei. Neurosci.Lett. 81:29-34, 1987. 13.Chesworth, M.J., Cassone, V.M. and Armstrong, S.M. Effects os daily melatonin injections on activity rhythms of rats in constant light. Am. J. Physiol. 253:R101-R107, 1987. 14. Armstrong, S.M., Cassone, V.M., Chesworth, M.J., Redman, J.R. and Short, R.V. Synchronization of mammalian circadian rhythms by melatonin. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 21:375-394, 1986. 15. Cassone, V.M., Chesworth, M.J. and Armstrong, S.M. Entrainment of rat circadian rhythms by daily injection of melatonin depends upon the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei. Physiol. Behav. 36:1111-1121, 1986. 16. Cassone, V.M., Chesworth, M.J. and Armstrong, S.M. Dose-dependent entrainment of rat circadian rhythms by daily injection of melatonin. J. Biol. Rhythms. 1:219-229, 1986. 17. Armstrong, S.M. and Redman, J. Melatonin administration: effects on rodent circadian rhythms. Ciba. Found Symp. 117:188-207, 1985. 18. Goldman, B., Hall, V., Hollister, C., Reppert, S., Roychoudhury, P., Yellon, S. and Tamarkin, L. Diurnal changes in pineal melatonin content in four rodent species: relationship to photoperiodsm. Biol. Reprod. 24:778-783, 1981. 19. Ebels, I. and Balemans, M.G. Physiological aspects of pineal functions in mammals. Physiol. Rev. 66:581-605, 1986. 20.Herbert, J. Neural systems underlying prhtoperiodic time measurement: a blueprint. Experientia 45:965-972, 1989. 21. Morgan, P.J. and Williams, L.M. Central melatonin receptors: implications for a mode of action. Experienitia 45:955-965, 1989. 22. Earl, C.R., D'Occhio, M.J., Kennaway, D.J. and Seamark, R.F. Serum melatonin profiles and endocrine responses of ewes exposed to a pulse of light late in the dark phase. Endocrinology. 117:226-230, 1985. 23. Martin-Caca. A., Lopez-Gonzalez, M.A., Reiter, R.J., Calvo, J.R. and Guerrero, J.M. Binding of 2-[125I] melatonin by rat thymus membranes during postnatal development. Immunol. Lett. 36:59-64, 1993. 24. Reiter, R.J., Poeggeler, B., Tan, D., Chen, L., Manchester, L.C. and Guerrero, J.M. Antioxidant capacity of melatonin: A novel action not requiring a receptor. Neuroendocrinol. Lett. 15:103-116, 1993. 25. Guerrero, J.M. and Reiter, R.J. A brief survey of pineal gland-immune system interrelationships. Endocr: res. 18:91-113, 1992. 26. Reiter, R.J. The ageing pineal gland and its physiological consequences. Bioessays. 14:169-175, 1992. 27. Reiter, R.J. Remembrance: growing up with the pineal gland: early recollections. Endocrinology. 131:2039-2049, 1992. 28. Reiter, R.J. Neuroendocrine effects of light. Int.J.Biometeorol. 35:169-175, 1991. 29. Reiter, R.J. Melatonin: the chemical expression of darkness. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 79:C153-C158, 1991. 30.Reiter, R.J. and Vaughan, M.K. Dynamic organization of endocrine networks. The neuroendocrine-reproductive axis and the pineal gland as examples. Ann. N.Y.Acad.Sei. 618:11-27, 1991. 31.Reiter, R.J. Melatonin synthesis: multiplicity of regulation. Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. 294:149-158, 1991. 32.Reiter, R.J. Pineal melatonin: cell biology of its synthesis and of its physiological interactions. Endocr.Rev. 12:151-180, 1991. 33. Stankov, B., Franchini, F. and Reiter, R.J. Melatonin binding sites in the central nervous system. Brain.Res.Brain.Res.Rev. 16:245-256, 1991. 34. Stokkan, K.A., Reiter, R.J., Nonaka, K.O., Lerchl, A., Yu, B.P. and Vaughan, M.K. Food restriction retards aging of the pineal gland. Brain Research 545:66-72, 1991. 35. Withyachumnarkul, B., Reiter, R.J., Lerchl, A., Nonaka, K.O. and Stokkan, K.A. Evidence that interferon-gamma alters pineal metabolism both indirectly via sympathetic nerves and directly on the pinealocytes. Int.J.Biochem. 23:1397-1401, 1991. 36. Pangerl, B., Pangerl, A. and Reiter, R.J. Circadian vaiations of adrenergic receptors in the mammalian pineal gland: a review. J. Neural.Transm.Gen.Sect. 81:17-29, 1990. 37.Blask, D.E. Integration of neuroendocrine-circadian, pineal, adrenocortical and immune functions in homeokinesis: Implications for host-cancer interactions. Neuroendocrino.Lett. 15:117-133, 1993. 38. Lissoni, P., Barni, S., Rovelli, F., Brivio, F., Ardizzoia, A., Tancini, G., Conti, A. and Maestroni, G.J. Neuroimmunotherapy of advanced solid neoplasms with single evenin subcutaneous injection of low-dose interleukin-2 and melatonin: preliminary results. Eur.J.Cance. 29A:185-189, 1993. 39. Blask, D.E., Lemus Wilson, A.M. and Wilson, S.T. Breast cancer: a model system for studying the neuroendocrine role of pineal melatonin in oncology. Biochem.Soc.Trans. 20:309-311, 1992. 40. Hill, S.M., Spriggs, L.L., Simon, M.A., Muraoka, H. and Blask, D.E. The growht inhibitory action of melatonin on human breast cancer cells is linked to the estrogen response system. Cancer.Lett. 64:249-256, 1992. 41. Lawson, N.O., Wee, B.E., Blask, D.E., Castles, C.G., Spriggs, L.L. and Hill, S.M. Melatonin decreases estrogen receptor expression in the medial preoptic area of inbred (LSH/SsLak) golden hamsters. Biol.Reprod. 47:1082-1090, 1992. 42. Maestroni, G.J. and Conti, A. The pineal-immuno-opioid network. Mechanisms and significance. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 650:56-59, 1992. 43. Wilson, S.T., Blask, D.E. and Lemus Wilson, A.M. Mlatonin augments the sensitivity of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to tamoxifen in vitro. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab. 75:669-670, 1992. 44. Maestroni, G.J. and Conti, A. Anti-stress role of the melatonin-immuno-opioid network: evidence for a physiological mechanism involving T cell-derived, immunoreactive beta-endorphin and MET-enkephanlin binding to thymic opioid receptors. Int.J.Neurosci. 61:289-298, 1991. 45. Martinet, L., Allain, D. and Chabi, Y. Pineal denervation by cervical sympathetic ganglionectomy suppresses the role of photoperiod on pregnancy or pseudopregnancy, body weight and moulting periods in the mink (Mustela vision). J.Endocrinol. 107:31-39, 1985. 45. CIPPOLA-NETO, J.; ABDALLA, D.S.P.; MARKUS, R.P. & CAMPA, A. Circadian variation of superoxide dismutase activity in rat pineal gland. J. NEURAL TRANSM. [GEN.SEC.], 92:117-129, 1993.


Contato: